清乾隆是清代社会发展的鼎盛时期。景德镇御窑厂荟萃了一代名师巧匠,无论数量或质量都达到了历史的顶峰,“大内出样,交御窑厂烧制”。珐琅彩瓷启始于康熙末年,全盛于雍、乾两朝,乾隆中期以后逐渐销声匿迹。珐琅彩瓷堪称康、雍、乾三代帝王挚爱的“内廷秘玩”,是“庶民弗得一窥”的御用品。它瓷质细润,彩料凝重,色泽鲜艳,血统高贵,细如毫芒,是历代最受藏家青睐的瓷器之一,与宋汝瓷、元青花并驾齐驱,被称为“世界上最奢侈的艺术品”。

Qing Ganlong was the heyday of social development in Qing Dynasty. Jingdezhen Imperial Kiln Factory has gathered a generation of famous and skillful craftsmen. Both quantity and quality have reached the peak of history. "Imperial Kiln Factory will produce samples and submit them to Imperial Kiln Factory for firing". Enamel colored porcelain started at the end of Kangxi and flourished in Yong and gan dynasties. it gradually disappeared after the middle of gan long period. Enamel colored porcelain can be called the "imperial secret play" beloved by the three emperors of Kang, Yong and Gan, and is the royal product of "common people get a glimpse of it". It is one of the most popular porcelains in the past dynasties with fine and moist porcelain, dignified color materials, bright color, noble lineage and fine as milli mans. It is on a par with Song Ru Ci and Yuan Blue and White porcelain and is called "the most luxurious artwork in the world".

【藏品名称】: 雍正粉彩龙凤寿桃碗

Yongzheng Pink Color Dragon and Phoenix Shou Peach Bowl

【类别】:瓷器

[Category]: Porcelai

此藏品运用过枝技法的运用始见于康熙后期,尤以五彩瓷器为多见,凡运用此法者,皆质量非凡。雍正一朝过枝者显然是由此而来,并将其与宋人写实花鸟画之精髓结合而成,遂营造出新的美学意境。瓷器收藏,不过一个“藏”字,雍正帝作为清三代“最挑剔”帝王,不管是自己的吃穿用度还是治国方面都体现出了其能力,可以看到此时的瓷器制作工艺非常成熟,所以雍正一朝的瓷器烧制与雍正爷是分不到的,雍正爷对任何事都保持着严谨的态度,对瓷器的要求更是高标准高要求。

The use of this collection of branch techniques began in the late Kangxi, especially with colorful porcelain as common, where the use of this method, are of extraordinary quality. Yongzheng obviously came from this, and combined it with the essence of the realistic flower and bird painting of the Song people, thus creating a new aesthetic artistic conception. Porcelain collection, but a "hidden" word, Emperor Yongzheng emperor as the Qing generations "the most picky" emperor, whether their own food and clothing and governing the ability, can see the porcelain production process is very mature, so Yongzheng porcelain firing and Yongzheng ye, Yongzheng kept a rigorous attitude towards anything, the requirements of porcelain is high standards and high requirements.

从选材开始就严格把关,瓷器烧制每一步都是有窑官盯着,烧造成品极高,稍微瑕疵哪怕是一丁点的也是全部销毁掉,能留下的绝对都是精品中的精品。因此说看雍正朝的瓷器不管是青花还是粉彩,只要是雍正一朝到代的官瓷器,那么几乎是看不到丝毫的瑕疵。「过墙枝」,音谐「长治」,借喻政通人和、长治久安。故此,当中既有歌功颂德之心,亦含祝圣上万寿无疆之意。故,此类雍正御瓷在处理此种高难度题材时,亦应为雍正皇帝亲谕,或以宫廷画师为摹本而来,处处匠心独运,笔笔浑然天成。

From the beginning of the selection of materials, every step of porcelain firing is targeted by the kiln officer, firing finished product is very high, slightly defects even a small point is all destroyed, can be left is absolutely the boutique in the fine products. Therefore, whether the porcelain of the Yongzheng Dynasty is blue and white or pink, as long as it is the official porcelain of the Yongzheng Dynasty, then it is almost impossible to see the slightest flaw. "Over the wall branch", sound harmony "peace and stability", through the political harmony, long-term peace and stability. Therefore, there is not only the heart of virtue, but also the blessing of life. Therefore, when dealing with such Yongzheng imperial porcelain in such difficult themes, it should also be Emperor Yongzheng, or to the court painter as a copy, everywhere ingenuity, pen and pen is natural.

此碗外部五彩龙凤戏珠,碗底赫然有一株桃树,上面有五枚寿桃。寿桃中有一只蝙蝠,蝙蝠在过去也是“福”的意思,此粉彩龙凤寿桃碗也是宫廷祝寿御用之品,实属难得少见。

This bowl outside colorful dragon and phoenix drama beads, the bottom of the bowl there is a peach tree, there are five birthday peaches. There is a bat in the longevity peach, the bat in the past also means "blessing", this pink dragon and phoenix longevity peach bowl is also a court birthday royal use, it is rare.

寿桃纹在粉彩瓷中的广泛应用与雍正皇帝的喜好有关, 在瓷器上面装饰桃纹早在宋代就有出现, 之后至雍正前的每个时期都以不同形式对寿桃纹进行了诠释, 从这个角度来讲也是对传统纹样的一种继承;另一方面, 桃关于长寿的独特寓意也应是寿桃纹在瓷器上面广泛应用最主要的原因之一。由于先帝康熙的长寿, 导致雍正在其45岁时才得以继承皇位, 他自然希望长寿从而延长自己治理国家的时间, 继而用彩瓷制品来寄托美好寓意也是雍正时期彩瓷制品的一大特点。这一时期的彩瓷作品 体现出“图必有意, 意必吉祥”的写实寓意风格, 寿桃纹因其长命富贵的独特寓意得到了雍正皇帝的亲睐, 它较好地契合了雍正帝对幸福长寿、健康祥宁的心态和诉求。

The widespread application of longevity peach pattern in pink porcelain is related to the preferences of Emperor Yongzheng. The peach pattern decorated on porcelain appeared as early as the Song Dynasty. Every period before Yongzheng was interpreted in different forms, which is also an inheritance of the traditional pattern. On the other hand, the unique meaning of peach on longevity should also be one of the main reasons for being widely used on porcelain. Due to the longevity of Emperor Kangxi, Yongzheng was succeeded to the throne at the age of 45. He naturally hoped to live a long life to prolong his time to govern the country, and then used colored porcelain products to express the good meaning was also a major feature of colored porcelain products in the Yongzheng period. The colorful porcelain works in this period reflect the realistic moral style of "picture must be intentional, meaning must be auspicious". Shou peach grain has been favored by Emperor Yongzheng because of its unique meaning of long life and wealth, which well fits Emperor Yongzheng's mentality and demands for happiness, longevity, health and auspicious.

新的粉彩 料的发明, 丰富了粉彩的颜色种类, 使粉彩具有了更强的表现力。粉彩在彩绘中运用“玻璃白”打底, 然后再用所 需要的颜 色在上面进行绘画渲染, “玻璃白”具有乳浊效果, 画出的图案 颜色呈现 一种粉润柔和的视觉效果, 再在玻璃白颜色上用洋红颜色进行由深至浅的洗染, 突出明暗的关系和立体的质感, 这些对于颜色的应用和技法的发明使得桃果实的表现力很强。粉彩颜色种类丰富, 其中的净苦绿、净大绿都非常适合桃枝叶的表现, 这种表现效果完全区别于康熙时期五彩桃纹的表现, 五彩以单线勾勒轮廓后再罩以水料, 烧成后水料呈现玻璃质感, 而桃果实、叶子和枝干的色泽、质感、明暗及各种细微的变化无法体现, 粉彩的出现解决了这方面的工艺问题, 可以相对准确地还原桃本身的颜色和质感。粉彩中以玻璃白打底后再进行洗染, 玻璃白烧制后有一定厚度, 这种方法表现的桃果实不仅可以很好地表现桃果实的色彩又使其有一定的立体感。

The invention of the new powder color material, rich in the color types of pink color, so that the pink color has a stronger expression. Pink color in the painting of "glass white" bottom, and then use the required color on the painting rendering, "glass white" has turbidity effect, draw the pattern color presents a soft visual effect, and then on glass white color with foreign red color from deep to shallow washing, highlight the relationship between light and three-dimensional texture, these for the application of color and technology of the invention of peach fruit is very strong. Pink color rich variety, the net bitter green, net green are very suitable for peach leaves, the effect is completely different from Kangxi period colorful peach lines, colorful to single line outline cover with water, burning water presents glass texture, and peach fruit, leaves and branches, texture, dark and various subtle changes can not reflect, the appearance of pink to solve the problem of this process, can relatively accurately restore the color of peach itself and texture. Pink color is glass white bottom after washing and dyeing, glass white burning has a certain thickness, the peach fruit of this method can not only well show the color of peach fruit but also make it have a certain three-dimensional sense.

雍正时期粉彩瓷的寿桃纹是区别于之前各个时期的。从构图到表现手法都有其独特性:之前各朝所出现的寿桃纹大多是与其他纹饰搭配出现, 单独以写实风格的寿桃纹来装饰整个瓷面在雍正时期之前是很少见的, 雍正时期的寿桃纹则不然, 桃果实硕大饱满, 通常占据了画面的主体位置;叶片纤细柔和, 且多转折卷曲显得更为丰富生动;枝干穿插交错, 虚实得当, 疏密有致。在构图时, 叶子、枝干和圆形桃果实看似随意组成的、却又是匠心独具的点、线、面相互穿插交错的效果是非常入画和耐人寻味的。清代被广泛应用的三果实图即石榴、佛手、寿桃常常同时出现在一个画面里, 寓意多子、多福、多寿。而雍正朝用蝙蝠来代替佛手亦寓意多“福”, 这是雍正寿桃纹瓷器的又一创新之举, 凌空飞舞的蝙蝠与静谧绽放的桃枝和桃果实形成了动静结合、相映成趣的画面。构图更加整体和情趣性, 使得画面更趋向于宫廷绘画的写实风格。

and round peach fruits seem to be arbitrary, but the unique points, lines and surfaces are very painting and thought-provoking. The three fruit map widely used in the Qing Dynasty, namely pomegranate, Buddha hand and longevity peach, often appeared in a picture at the same time, meaning more children, blessing and longevity. The Yongzheng Dynasty used bats to replace the Buddha hand also meaning more "blessing", which is another innovative move of Yongzheng's birthday peach porcelain. The bats flying in the sky and the quietly blooming peach branches and peach fruits formed a combination of movement and movement into an interesting picture. The composition is more overall and interesting, making the picture tend to the realistic style of court painting.

2007年伦敦三大拍卖行。索思比拍卖行一只雍正年间的粉彩寿桃瓷碗以72.5万英镑的价格拍出,

这只碗底部落“大清雍正年制”六字款,内壁绘有五个寿桃和一只铁锈红的蝙蝠,外壁绘有龙凤,,这只碗画工精美、器型完好且有落款,堪称“无可挑剔的官窑精品”

Three major auction houses in London in 2007. A pink peach porcelain bowl from the Yongzheng years was sold for £ 725,000,

The bottom of the bowl, "Yongzheng Year System of the Qing Dynasty", is painted inside with five birthday peaches and a rust red bat, and the outside wall is painted with dragon and phoenix. The bowl is exquisite, with good shape and signature, which can be called "impeccable official kiln boutique"

细究其设计独具匠心,而色彩搭配与转换之妙恐非言语可表,彩料妍美,工致非凡,愈加彰显出雍正彩瓷无与伦比的华丽与尊贵,当为彩瓷之翘首,极具收藏价值。

Detailed look at the unique design, and the color collocation and transformation of wonderful words are notable, beautiful material beautiful, extraordinary work, more highlight Yongzheng color porcelain and incomparable gorgeous and noble, when the warping of color porcelain, has great collection value.

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